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Status of Boron in Soil and Groundwater from Sangamner area, Ahmednagar district, Maharashtra India

Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Sangamner Nagarpalika Arts, D.J. Malpani Commerce and B.N. Sarda Science College, Sangamner, Dist. Ahmednagar, MS, INDIA

Res. J. Recent Sci., Volume 4, Issue (ISC-2014), Pages 283-290, (2015)

Abstract

Boron is widely distributed in surface water and groundwater. The boron concentrations vary greatly depending on boron content of local geologic formations and anthropogenic sources of boron. Boron is naturally released to soil and water by rainfall, weathering of boron - containing minerals, desorption from clays and decomposition of boron containing organic matter. Human made sources include application of boron containing fertilizers or herbicides, application of fly ash, use of waste water for irrigation or land disposal of boron containing industrial waste. Human health is affected by excess of boron in food products. Due to over irrigation the soils from the Sangamner area are suffering from the problems like salinization, alkalization and waterlogging. To minimize their problems and considering the importance of boron in the fertility of soils, it was decided to estimate the boron concentration in the soils and groundwater from Sangamner area. 20 groundwater samples were analyzed for pH, EC, TDS, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K, Cl, HCO3, SO2-4, NO3 and B. Similarly 20 soil samples were also analyzed for pH, EC, exchangeable cations like Ca2+Mg2+, Na and K by neutral ammonium acetate extract of soil. B was determined by Carmine method. Textural analysis of these soil samples were done by International Pipette method. The boron content of soil was ranged from 0.019 to 8.381 ppm. The salt affected soils in the area showed higher concentration of boron. These soils are from villages like Jorve, Kolhewadi, and Rahimpur in the downstream part wherein salinization is to a greater extent. Upstream part and non - irrigated region of the area was found to be deficient in B. As per Richards classification of boron concentration relative to tolerant of plant, 50% soils are safe, 20% are marginal and 30% soils are unsafe in the area which is in agreement with the groundwater analysis of the area. Toxicity of boron in the area is the impact of salinization and /or alkalization related to intensive irrigation. High levels of boron in salt affected soils can be reduced by leaching as well as leaching after treatment with gypsum and through selection of proper crops.

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